Ny stamvei Oslo–Bergen: Nå eller aldri!

“Det er nå eller aldri!” Skal Norge endelig få en skikkelig hovedvei mellom landets to største byer? En slik vei vil gi raskere og billigere transport – og dermed helt nye muligheter.

 

 

 

 

Av Erik Heirung og Jarle Strand, sivilingeniører

 

Avgjørelsen skal tas i nærmeste halvår. En ny nasjonal transportplan for de kommende årene skal behandles på Stortinget, det skal fattes omfattende vedtak.

Er politikerne klare til å vedta utbygging av stamvei mellom Østlandet og Vestlandet, etter all sannsynlighet det viktigste veiprosjektet i «vår tid»?

Regjeringen fattet vedtak i 2015 om at den nye stamveien skal gå over Haukeli, og nye E134 vil dermed gi en total reisestrekning på ca. 380 km mellom Oslo og Bergen, mens tilsvarende for dagens eksisterende hovedvei over Fillefjell er ca. 515 km. Dette gir en reduksjon i kjørelengde på mer enn en fjerdedel.

Den vintersikre nye E134 er tenkt planlagt med høy standard med sikte på motorvei (firefelts vei) som langsiktig løsning, vil få 860 moh. som høyeste punkt og blir en vesentlig flatere vei med slakere stigninger. Dette er avgjørende for lavere energibruk og utslipp, særlig for lastebiler og ekspressbusser, og vil medvirke til at transportnæringen naturlig velger denne ruten. En moderne motorvei har få og myke kurver, færre av- og påkjørsler, og blant en rekke trafikale fordeler må veisikkerheten fremheves.

Det foreligger klare indikasjoner (ref. nylig utbygging av E18 gjennom Vestfold) på at moderne motorveier gir sterk reduksjon i antall alvorlige ulykker, det refereres her til Vegdirektoratets «Sikkerhetsvisjon».

Med kjøretider på ca. 4 timer mellom Oslo og Bergen (og tilsvarende til Haugesund) vil både gods- og persontransport få sterkt reduserte kostnader, som følge av:

  • kortere kjøreavstand (25 %) som gir tilsvarende redusert drivstofforbruk, og dermed reduserte utslipp, til fordel for miljøet
  • reduserte vedlikeholdskostnader for kjøretøy som følge av en kortere moderne motorvei
  • vare- og persontransport vil gjennomføres på kortere tid, noe som medfører reduserte sjåførkostnader og mer rasjonell bruk av lastebiler og busser

Andre positive effekter:

  • en hurtigere og billigere godstransport vil gi store innsparinger for næringsliv og bedrifter, år etter år i lange tider fremover
  • for næringslivet på både Østlandet og Vestlandet vil dette også gi en rekke nye muligheter, med forbedret adgang til nye og større markedsområder
  • for persontransport vil moderne ekspressbusser med hyppige avganger fra sentrum til sentrum gjøre det mer attraktivt å la bilen stå igjen hjemme, med øket kollektivtrafikk som følge, og dermed reduserte utslipp
  • for hele transportsektoren vil en kortere reisetid muliggjøre tur/returreise på samme dag, noe som medfører bedre utnyttelse av kjøretøyparken
  • nye E134 (Oslo–Bergen) vil bety at totale driftskostnader blir redusert med minst 30–40 %
  • kollektivtrafikk basert på ekspressbusser vil naturlig avlaste flytrafikken mellom Oslo og Bergen (evt. også Oslo–Haugesund/Stavanger) og dermed bidra til en videre utslippsreduksjon

Stamveien mellom Østlandet og Vestlandet åpner også for øket utnyttelse av norske havner

Som nevnt planlegges stamvei med høy standard med sikte på utbygging til motorvei (firefelts vei) som langsiktig løsning mellom Oslo og Bergen, men det blir viktig at denne utbyggingen skjer slik at gevinster ved den kortere kjørestrekningen kan tas ut så tidlig som mulig.

I forbindelse med målet om reduserte utslipp fra fossilt drivstoff kan det nevnes at det allerede nå er utviklet elektriske busser som kan kjøre mer enn 500 km på én lading.

Stamveien mellom Østlandet og Vestlandet åpner også for øket utnyttelse av norske havner. Bergen havn vil styrke sin posisjon som sentral vestlandshavn og kan få oppgang i nordsjøtrafikken som følge av at store markedsområder på Østlandet nå blir mer tilgjengelige.

Denne nye veien vil nødvendiggjøre en bedret krysning av Oslofjorden

Men også de andre vestlandshavnene vil få øket aktivitet. Havner i Vestfold, Telemark og Aust-Agder vil få øket trafikk som følge av at større markedsområder på Vestlandet «kommer nærmere».

Denne nye veien vil nødvendiggjøre en bedret krysning av Oslofjorden, slik at den korte stamveien kan knyttes direkte til E6 sydover (mot kontinentet) og til E18 mot Stockholm på en smidig måte, for raskere godstransport til utenlandske markeder. Som returtrafikk åpnes også mulighetene for at svensk last kan skipes ut fra havner på Vestlandet.

Som nevnt ovenfor, den nye stamveien åpner for nye forretningsmuligheter knyttet til øket markedstilgang, som vil bidra til bedret konkurranseevne og dermed muligheter for øket produktivitet og øket sysselsetting.

Dette veiprosjektet er (ifølge Statens vegvesen) nasjonaløkonomisk svært gunstig og vil utvilsomt påvirke samferdselsmønsteret i hele Syd-Norge i positiv retning.

Vi får en stamvei mellom øst og vest som i overskuelig fremtid:

  • er kortest mulig
  • gir større trygghet for veibrukerne
  • øker kollektivandel i persontransporten
  • gir stor utslippsreduksjon
  • gir billigere transport
  • medfører mange nye forretningsmuligheter for transportsektoren og næringslivet forøvrig i store områder på begge sider av landet.

Våre politikere må nå fatte de riktige vedtakene slik at den nye stamveien over Haukeli blir realisert mellom Oslo og Bergen snarest mulig. Det blir spennende å se hvilke politikere (og partier) som vil sette fart i dette prosjektet for etablering av en stamvei mellom Oslo og Bergen.

Innlegget er også publisert i “Samferdsel”, utgitt av Transportøkonomisk institutt, og  på Vegforum Øst-Vests nettsider.

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